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Uma voz no Congresso Nacional na visita do Dr. Mukwege no Brasil em 2010. Sérgio Zambiasi prega boicote às multinacionais que compram minérios das...

África: Um Continente sem História? Emir Sader: conhecimento, lucidez e coragem ao abordar a questão África.

Crisis in the Congo

Conflitos armados contemporâneos na África negra e suas causas ambientais
Autor	Lunardon, Jonas Araujo
Orientador	Vizentini, Paulo Gilberto Fagundes
Data	2010
Nível	Graduação
Instituição	Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas. Curso de Relações Internacionais.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os conflitos civis ocorridos na África Subsaariana após o término da Guerra Fria, em 1989. Através de uma interpretação empírica da conjuntura daqueles Estados e populações, esta monografia refuta a tese de que estes confrontos civis seriam “conflitos étnicos” fundados primordialmente nas diferenças e rivalidades culturais entre determinados grupos populacionais. A diferenciação étnica tem importante papel durante a dinâmica do conflito, pois, ao se sustentarem nas rivalidades identitárias, as lideranças conseguem mobilizar diretamente suas populações em direção ao combate. Esta, porém, não é causa fundamental destas disputas. Tendo como base a debilitada construção do sistema africano de países durante a colonização e o período de independências, é possível estabelecer motivações políticas, econômicas e sociais para a ocorrência da violência, que é ainda estimulada pela conjuntura estrutural ali encontrada. Elucidando as reais motivações para as guerras civis, introduz-se a análise das mudanças ambientais como agentes nestes conflitos. Devido à incapacidade de gerência dos governos e a fragilidade institucional daqueles Estados, as conseqüências das alterações no meio-ambiente – secas, escassez de terras férteis, desflorestamento, entre outros – somam-se ao rol de motivações para que guerras civis sejam deflagradas, minando um horizonte otimista de desenvolvimento da região.

Fonte: TEXTO PDF COMPLETO:    http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/handle/10183/28369/000770754.pdf?sequence=1

Communiqué de presse, 20 May 2015

Strasbourg, France - Déclaration du Docteur Denis Mukwege:

 "Les élus du Parlement européen ont voté contre les minerais des conflits et pour les droits humains. Une importante contribution pour la PAIX."

"Le vote sur les minerais de conflit au Parlement européen, à Strasbourg, est une victoire pour les droits de l'homme.  Qui témoigne que nous avons atteint un tournant décisif dans le dialogue. Cette réglementation oblige les raffineurs, les fondeurs, les fabricants et les importateurs des produits contenant l'étain, le tantale, le tungstène et l'or de s’assurer qu'ils s'approvisionnent de manière responsable, en amont comme en aval. Cette nouvelle réglementation démontre que qu’une gouverance économique éthique est non seulement possible, mais aussi requise. 

"Une grande majorité de députés européens accorde la priorité au caractère global et au champs d'application large de cette réglementation. En effet, elle établit la position des élus et servira de base au cadre de négociations entre les Etats Membres et la Commission, et elle reflète le progrès au travers des lois contraignantes en RDC, dans plusieurs autres pays Africains et aux Etats Unis. 

"Une industrie sans minerais de conflit contribuera à mettre un terme donc un terme aux violences effroyables que le peuple Congolais a enduré pendant des années. Les gouvernements ne doivent pas seulement élaborer des lois contraignantes, mais ils doivent aussi être prêts à les mettre en oeuvre. Et, les compagnies ont non seulement la responsabilité de conformité et de divulgation publique, mais aussi d'agir en toute transparence, à une époque où les consommateurs sont de plus en plus sensibilisés sur à la nécessité de ne pas acheter des produits lies aux conflits.

"Des dizaines de milliers de mineurs légitimes bénéficieraient de l'exploitation de minerais non-conflictuels et d'une industrie transparente. Les communautés et les familles déchirées par les conflits ont droit à une paix durable. À l'Hôpital de Panzi, nous avons à ce jour traité plus de 40 000 survivantes de violences sexuelles. Leurs corps ont été utilisés comme champs de bataille où subsistent des traumatismes physiques et psychologiques. L'exploitation des minerais est donc une des causes qui alimentent la souffrance au Congo.

"Aujourd'hui, le Parlement Européen a pris une position forte. Et j'espère que tous les Etats Membres vont aussi consolider leur engagement. Ce conflit a déjà engendré trop de pertes en vies humaines et une dégradation des conditions de vie pour les communautés locales.  Nous devons donc agir ensemble pour apporter la paix et la transparence dans l'exploitation et le commerce de minerais."

Fonte: http://www.panzifoundation.org/news/

Denis Mukwege: winner of Sakharov Prize 2014

 Article - Human rights − 21-10-2014 - 19:14

 

 Denis Mukwege ©BELGA_ANP COMM_SVEN TORFINN

Denis Mukwege is the laureate of the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought 2014, following today's decision by EP President Martin Schulz and the political group leaders. Mukwege will be invited to Strasbourg on 26 November to receive the award during the plenary session.

Announcing Mukwege as the 2014 laureate, President Schulz said: "The Conference of Presidents decided unanimously to award Dr Denis Mukwege from Democratic Republic of Congo the Sakharov Prize for his fight for protection especially of women.However, the political groups recognise the important role played by EuroMaidan in Ukraine and thus want to invite its representatives to join the award ceremony in November," adding

that it was also decided to send a delegation with representatives from all political groups to Azerbaijan to meet and support Leyla Yunus in her fight for democracy and freedom in her country.

The gynaecologist standing up for women´s rights

In many armed conflicts around the world, rape is used as a weapon of war, but Mukwege decided to help victims in his country. The 59-year-old gynaecologist founded the Panzi Hospital in Bukavu in 1998, when a war took place in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where today  he still treats victims of sexual violence who have sustained serious injuries.

The war in DRC might be officially over, but the armed conflict still continues in the eastern part of the country and so do attacks against civilians, including gang rapes. Despite travelling regularly abroad to advocate women’s rights and managing Panzi Hospital, Mukwege continues to see patients and perform surgery two days a week. He was nominated by the S&D and ALDE groups and MEP Barbara Lochbihler.

Sakharov Prize

The Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought is awarded each year by the European Parliament. It was set up in 1988 to honour individuals and organisations defending human rights and fundamental freedoms. Last year the prize was awarded to Malala Yousafzaï, the Pakistani campaigner for girls' education.

Supporting human rights

The European Parliament takes all human rights violations seriously, no matter where they take place. MEPs regularly highlight abuses, help monitor elections around the world, ensure that human rights are protected in the EU's external economic and trade agreements, and award the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought every year.

REF. : 20141016STO74202

Updated: (06-11-2014 - 11:30

Fonte: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/news-room/content/20141016STO74202/html/Denis-Mukwege-winner-of-Sakharov-Prize-2014)